11 Preventive Health Screening Tests Doctors Recommend

7. Bone density test (DEXA)

A DEXA scan measures bone mineral density to assess osteoporosis risk, which affects fracture risk as people age. Routine screening is generally recommended for women starting around age 65; younger adults with risk factors (early menopause, chronic steroid use, low body weight, or previous fractures) should discuss earlier testing with their clinician (NOF; USPSTF). What to expect: the DEXA machine scans your hip and spine while you lie on a padded table; the test is painless and takes about 10 to 20 minutes. Preparation tips: wear comfortable clothes without metal and avoid taking calcium supplements on the day of the scan unless instructed otherwise. Results use T-scores to guide management: lifestyle measures like weight-bearing exercise, adequate calcium and vitamin D, and fall-prevention strategies often come first; medications may be recommended for higher fracture risk. If you care for elderly parents or coordinate clinic visits, combining DEXA with other preventive appointments can reduce travel burden.