11 Unani Medicine Principles and Concepts Explained

2. Principle #2: Mizaj (Temperament)

Mizaj, or temperament, describes an individual's overall physical and mental tendencies. In Unani, temperaments are classified by qualities like hot or cold and moist or dry, and combinations of these traits form a person's unique constitution. A hakim assesses mizaj during history‑taking and observation and then suggests diet and daily routines that fit that profile. For instance, a person with a warm, dry temperament may be guided toward cooling, hydrating foods and calming routines; someone with a cold, moist temperament may be encouraged to include warming spices and more active habits. These recommendations may sound like common sense from dadi’s kitchen: choose foods that sit well with you and fit season and activity level. The value of mizaj is its focus on personalization—Unani is not one‑size‑fits‑all. Contemporary practitioners often pair mizaj assessment with modern tests for a fuller view, but the temperament idea remains central to diagnosis and long-term prevention strategies (Frontiers, 2016). Takeaway: Mizaj helps tailor lifestyle and treatment to the individual person.