11 Unani Medicine Principles and Concepts Explained

8. Principle #8: Unani Diagnostic Methods

Unani diagnosis is a composite process that blends observation, questioning, and classical assessment methods. Key tools include pulse examination (nabz), inspection (including urine and stool), and detailed patient history to determine mizaj and akhlat imbalances (AYUSH/Delhi). A skilled hakim listens to symptoms, inspects the tongue and skin, checks the pulse for rhythm and strength, and examines bodily discharges for color and consistency. These methods aim to reveal which humour or faculty is out of balance and which organs are involved. Today, many Unani practitioners combine classical methods with modern diagnostics—laboratory tests, imaging, and referrals—to build a safer, evidence‑informed plan. That mix helps avoid delays in diagnosing conditions that require conventional treatment. It also reflects how Unani remains a living system that can integrate complementary data while preserving its traditional diagnostic vocabulary (Frontiers, 2016). Takeaway: Unani diagnosis blends pulse, inspection and history with modern tests for a fuller, safer assessment.